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Recently, a renowned international research institute announced exciting new advances in lithium-ion batteries. This research achievement not only promises to significantly improve the range of electric vehicles and other devices, but also has profound implications for portable electronic devices.   Researchers explained that this innovation primarily focuses on battery materials and structural design. By replacing traditional liquid electrolytes with a new solid-state electrolyte and combining it with a nanoscale silicon-based anode material, the newly developed lithium-ion battery boasts an energy density approximately 40% higher than existing products. This means the new battery can store more energy within the same volume, or, while maintaining the same capacity, the battery can be smaller and lighter.   In addition, the team has addressed the risk of thermal runaway, a long-standing safety concern plaguing the lithium-ion battery industry. By optimizing the battery's internal structure and selecting a more stable material combination, the battery can effectively prevent overheating and fire even under extreme conditions, significantly improving safety.   This technology is currently in the laboratory testing phase but has already attracted significant attention from several automakers, including Tesla and BYD. It is expected that over the next few years, as production processes mature and cost control improves, a new generation of high-performance lithium-ion batteries will gradually enter the market, providing consumers with more efficient, environmentally friendly, safe and reliable energy solutions.   Experts say this major breakthrough in lithium-ion battery technology marks a major step forward for the new energy vehicle industry and contributes significantly to global carbon emission reduction goals. In the future, with technological innovation and development in more related fields, human society will usher in a new era of greener and more sustainable development.

Recently, a new 48V 100Ah LifePO4 battery has appeared on the market. This battery adopts the latest lithium iron phosphate technology and has the advantages of high energy density, long life, and high safety. It is reported that the battery is suitable for various electric vehicles, energy storage systems and other fields, and can provide users with more reliable and efficient energy solutions. At the same time, the battery also adopts an advanced intelligent management system, which can realize real-time monitoring and control of the battery to ensure the safety and stability of the battery. The launch of the battery is expected to further promote the popularization of electric vehicles and energy storage systems and make greater contributions to environmental protection. At the same time, the high performance and high safety of the battery will also bring users a more comfortable and convenient experience. According to industry analysts, with the continuous development of new energy technologies, 48V 100Ah LifePO4 batteries are expected to become one of the mainstream choices for electric vehicles and energy storage systems in the future, bringing users more high-quality energy solutions.

Recently, lithium iron phosphate batteries have once again attracted attention in the field of electric vehicles. It is reported that a domestic electric vehicle manufacturer has cooperated with a lithium iron phosphate battery producer to successfully develop an electric vehicle capable of achieving a cruising range of 500 kilometers. Lithium iron phosphate battery is a new type of lithium-ion battery. Compared with traditional lithium cobalt oxide batteries, it has higher safety, longer life and lower cost. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the electric vehicle market, lithium iron phosphate batteries have gradually become one of the mainstream battery technologies. It is understood that this electric vehicle uses the latest lithium iron phosphate battery technology, the battery pack capacity has reached 100 kWh, and the cruising range has reached 500 kilometers. At the same time, the car is also equipped with an intelligent charging system and a high-efficiency motor, which can complete charging in a short time and has a high power output. The launch of the electric vehicle not only provides consumers with a more convenient and environmentally friendly way of travel, but also injects new impetus into the development of the electric vehicle industry. In the future, lithium iron phosphate battery technology will continue to be promoted and applied, bringing more possibilities for the development of the electric vehicle market.

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Lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as a positive electrode material. Compared to other batteries, its lifespan has been greatly improved. Take a simple example The cycle life of long-life lead-acid batteries is about 300 times, and the maximum is 500 times, while the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate power batteries can reach more than 2,000 times, and the standard charging (5-hour rate) can reach 2,000 times. The lead-acid battery of the same quality is "new half year, old half year, and maintenance and maintenance for half a year", which is 1~1.5 years at most, and lithium iron phosphate battery is used under the same conditions, the theoretical life will reach 7~8 years. Comprehensive consideration, the performance-price ratio is theoretically more than 4 times that of lead-acid batteries. High-current discharge can quickly charge and discharge high-current 2C, under the special charger, the battery can be fully charged within 40 minutes of 1.5C charging, and the starting current can reach 2C, but lead-acid batteries do not have this performance. Similarly, the lithium iron phosphate battery also has the characteristics of good high temperature performance, no memory effect, and large capacity. For the same example, compare The electric heating peak of lithium iron phosphate can reach 350℃-500℃, while lithium manganate and lithium cobaltate are only around 200℃. The working temperature range is wide (-20C--+75C), which has more powerful high temperature resistance characteristics. Lithium iron phosphate battery capacity is 5AH-1000AH (single) The capacity of an ordinary lead-acid battery is 24AH (single) (this value may be different, and the battery of an electric vehicle is almost the same on weekdays. If it is different, it may be a different model of the electric vehicle.) First explain what the memory effect is: Rechargeable batteries often work under the condition of being fully charged, and the capacity will quickly drop below the rated capacity. This phenomenon is called the memory effect. Like nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium batteries, there is memory, but lithium iron phosphate batteries do not have this phenomenon. No matter what state the battery is in, it can be used at any time without having to discharge it before charging. By the way, lithium iron phosphate batteries are more environmentally friendly. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are generally considered to be free of any heavy metals and rare metals (nickel-metal hydride batteries require rare metals), non-toxic (SGS certified), non-polluting, comply with European RoHS regulations, and are an absolute green battery certificate.

Lithium-metal (Li-metal) batteries show great potential for packing more significant amounts of energy than the current lithium-ion batteries. For example, a Li-metal electric battery in a car could travel more miles, and a Li-metal phone battery could have longer battery life. However, the metal surface of Li-metal batteries is highly reactive, and there is limited understanding of the chemistry of these reactions.

Q: Are lithium-ion batteries safe? A:While lithium-ion batteries can store more energy than other types of batteries, they could smoke or ignite if you use them in the wrong way. For example, lithium-ion batteries have been reported to have failed in smartphones, PCs, and airplanes. Although most lithium-ion batteries are equipped with safety devices, it is important to know how to use them properly. That's right! By using batteries correctly,you can bring out their optimum performance. Q:Are there any dos and don'ts to be followed to prevent the failure of lithium-ion batteries? A:Yes, there are. Lithium-ion batteries are vulnerable to overcharging, overdischarging, heat, shock, and other external damages. So, they should be managed properly. The followings are the points to be avoided. Figuratively speaking, the charge/discharge cycles of batteries can be compared to the work days and holidays for human beings. Both too much work and too much rest are bad for you. Q:How can I use lithium-ion batteries safely? A:Use the following checklist to make sure you are using them properly. They are free from damage and electrolyte leakage. They are properly charged. They aren't left overcharged. They aren't left overdischarged (without being charged). Their positive and negative terminals are connected correctly. Different types of batteries aren't used together. They are used in the temperature range specified by the manufacturer. Avoid using lithium-ion batteries in the following places:Places exposed to fire, heat, water, or excessively high or low temperature Places subject to strong vibration or much dust Places exposed to corrosive gases (SO2 and H2S) or flammable gases Places near equipment producing strong radio waves or magnetic field Humid places Places where condensation form because of rapid temperature changes

Guide:Redwood's electric vehicle battery recycling program will begin in California, with Ford Motor and Volvo Cars being the first automakers to participate directly in the program. But Redwood said it will accept all of the state's lithium-ion and nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMH) and welcomes other automakers to join the program! (Image source: Redwood) On February 17, Redwood Materials, a battery recycling company founded by Tesla co-founder and former CTO J.B Straubel, said it is launching the most comprehensive electric vehicle battery recycling program to create efficient, safe and effective recycling routes for end-of-life hybrid and electric vehicle battery packs. Redwood's electric vehicle battery recycling program will begin in California, with Ford Motor and Volvo Cars being the first automakers to participate directly in the program. But Redwood said it will accept all of the state's lithium-ion and nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMH) and welcomes other automakers to join the program! To truly achieve the sustainability and economy of electric vehicles, Redwood needs to create new avenues for the collection and recycling of end-of-life battery packs. Mass production of electric vehicles and the increasing use of recycled materials in the United States are the only way Redwood can create a circular, sustainable, and safe supply chain to meet U.S. electrification programs. While the first major wave of end-of-life electric vehicles will be a few years away, Redwood and its first partners, Ford and Volvo, are now already working on ways to recycle batteries. California has been a leader in the transition to electric vehicles and is one of the largest markets for electric vehicles in the world, so when the first wave of electric vehicles began to be phased out of the roads of various regions, California must be among them. Redwood can recycle 6GWh of lithium-ion batteries (equivalent to 60,000 electric vehicles) per year, accounting for the majority of recyclable lithium-ion batteries in North America. Redwood has been preparing for the first wave of obsolete electric vehicles and is already preparing for the battery market to identify and collect battery packs. Redwood will work directly with dealers and dismantlers in California to identify and recycle end-of-life battery packs. Redwood will then safely package, transport and recycle the batteries at its neighboring Nevada facility, and then put high-quality recycled materials back into domestic battery production. As the number of end-of-life batteries increases, Redwood hopes these batteries can become a valuable asset and help electric vehicles become more sustainable and economical. Redwood's goal is to continuously learn and share battery recycling experiences with the industry. Redwood will show the industry the value of end-of-life battery packs and how to steadily improve their economic efficiency as the number of end-of-life battery packs continues to increase. Ultimately, Redwood's goal is to create the most efficient and sustainable recycling system that enables end-of-life battery packs to re-enter the battery supply chain. Redwood is also looking forward to working with the California government, dismantlers, dealers and other automakers. Source: ITDCW

Soaring lithium prices spur changes in supply contracts. Lithium consumers in the electric vehicle battery supply chain are seeking longer-term contracts with producers to secure supplies for as long as possible in a market where shortages have propelled prices to their highest in three years. Prices for lithium carbonate in China, a key material used to make rechargeable batteries, at 197,500 yuan ($30,940) a tonne are up 276% since the start of this year due to booming demand alongside accelerating sales of electric vehicles. Australia`s Pilbara Minerals (PLS.AX) recently auctioned its lithium sourced from hard rock, or spodumene, for $2,350 a tonne, an 88% rise from the $1,250 fetched in a July auction. Higher prices have persuaded lithium consumers, mostly in China which dominates the electric vehicle supply chain, they need to tie up supply in contracts, which in some instances are as long as three years. Fixed prices for the length of the contract are now rare compared with previous years. Negotiations typically start in September and October and conclude in November and December. Producers are seeking monthly or quarterly [price breaks," where the price of the contract is negotiated more frequently due to volatility. Caspar Rawles, analyst at Benchmark Mineral Intelligence. Prices are up over 230% year to date, really around a lack of available material. [As a result, people are willing to sign up for longer-term contracts going into 2022 with more frequent price breaks." Spodumene contracts for 2022 are kicking off at around $1,500 a tonne for the start of 2022, lithium market sources say, compared with $400 a tonne to $1500 a tonne so far this year. More than half of the world`s lithium is used to make rechargeable batteries, also used in mobile phones and laptops, while the rest of it is used in industries that make glasses, ceramics and pharmaceuticals. Higher prices have encouraged some miners to restart production or accelerate new projects, raising the prospect of prices falling victim to rising lithium supplies. read more But a lengthy chemical qualification process, delays to mining projects and a lack of investment in new projects over the last few years means significant oversupply is unlikely, analysts say. The world`s five largest producers including Albemarle (ALB.N) and SQM (SQMA.SN) together account for about 50% of global lithium sales.

Battery costs rise as lithium demand outstrips supply Carmakers scramble for raw materials in a bid to win global electric vehicle race ( RURIKA IMAHASHI, Nikkei staff writer ) The price of batteries for electric vehicles looks set to rise in 2022 following a decade of sharp decline as supplies of lithium and other raw materials fail to keep up with ballooning demand. While mining companies scramble to increase production from existing facilities and develop new sources of supply, benchmark prices of lithium carbonate ended 2021 at records. In China, the biggest battery-producing country, the price was 261,500 yuan (just over $41,060) a ton, more than five times higher than last January. Other commodities used in cathodes, the most expensive part of a battery, have also been rising: The price of cobalt has doubled since last January to $70,208 a ton, while nickel jumped 15% to $20,045. The increases are undermining the technological and efficiency gains of recent years, when automakers and battery makers have worked hard together to develop long-life, high-performance batteries while trying to reduce costs. They also threaten to throw a wrench in the car industry's ambitious plans for electrification just as even formerly reluctant companies like Toyota embrace targets for electric vehicle production. According to Bloomberg NEF, global electric car sales are estimated to have reached 5.6 million vehicles in 2021 from 3.1 million in 2020, thanks to brisk sales in China. Further demand growth in 2022 will mean a lithium deficit this year as use of the material outstrips production and depletes stockpiles, according to a December report from S&P Global. The report said that according to S&P Global Market Intelligence, supply is forecast to jump to 636,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent in 2022, up from an estimated 497,000 in 2021 -- but demand will jump even higher to 641,000 tons, from an estimated 504,000. Gavin Montgomery, research director for battery raw materials at Wood Mackenzie, said lithium prices are unlikely to crash, as they did in previous cycles: "We're entering a sort of new era in terms of lithium pricing over the next few years because the growth will be so strong." In the short term, supplies will be limited. Producers in Australia closed down mines in 2020 after a period of low prices, and as COVID-19 lingers, it has proved difficult to rehire staffers and bring production back to pre-pandemic levels. Meanwhile, Chinese lithium-processing companies that make lithium carbonate were affected by restrictions on power use introduced suddenly in the autumn. Though some of those restrictions have eased, companies appear to be struggling to catch up. For cobalt, pandemic-induced transportation disruptions and border closures in Africa have been behind the soaring prices. The emergence of the omicron variant has added new disruptions in the main trade route from cobalt-producing Congo through the South African port of Durban to China. A worker inspects batteries at a Xinwangda Electric Vehicle Battery Co. factory in Nanjing, China. (AFP via Getty) Sourcing battery raw materials could soon prove as problematic for many carmakers as sourcing semiconductors has in the past year, Fukao said, and it is possible that carmakers may not be able to produce electric vehicles in the numbers planned due to shortages of materials. "Whether they can secure raw materials today determines if they can prevail 10 years from now," he said.

What is a lithium-ion battery and how does it work? A lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is an advanced battery technology that uses lithium ions as a key component of its electrochemistry. During a discharge cycle, lithium atoms in the anode are ionized and separated from their electrons. The lithium ions move from the anode and pass through the electrolyte until they reach the cathode, where they recombine with their electrons and electrically neutralize. The lithium ions are small enough to be able to move through a micro-permeable separator between the anode and cathode. In part because of lithium`s small size (third only to hydrogen and helium), Li-ion batteries are capable of having a very high voltage and charge storage per unit mass and unit volume. Li-ion batteries can use a number of different materials as electrodes. The most common combination is that of lithium cobalt oxide (cathode) and graphite (anode), which is most commonly found in portable electronic devices such as cellphones and laptops. Other cathode materials include lithium manganese oxide (used in hybrid electric and electric automobiles) and lithium iron phosphate. Li-ion batteries typically use ether (a class of organic compounds) as an electrolyte. Schematic of a lithium-ion battery (Wikimedia Commons) What are some advantages of Li-ion batteries? Compared to the other high-quality rechargeable battery technologies (nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal-hydride), Li-ion batteries have a number of advantages. They have one of the highest energy densities of any battery technology today (100-265 Wh/kg or 250-670 Wh/L). In addition, Li-ion battery cells can deliver up to 3.6 Volts, 3 times higher than technologies such as Ni-Cd or Ni-MH. This means that they can deliver large amounts of current for high-power applications, which has Li-ion batteries are also comparatively low maintenance, and do not require scheduled cycling to maintain their battery life. Li-ion batteries have no memory effect, a detrimental process where repeated partial discharge/charge cycles can cause a battery to `remember` a lower capacity. This is an advantage over both Ni-Cd and Ni-MH, which display this effect. Li-ion batteries also have low self-discharge rate of around 1.5-2% per month. They do not contain toxic cadmium, which makes them easier to dispose of than Ni-Cd batteries. Due to these advantages, Li-ion batteries have displaced Ni-Cd batteries as the market leader in portable electronic devices (such as smartphones and laptops). Li-ion batteries are also used to power electrical systems for some aerospace applications, notable in the new and more environmentally friendly Boeing 787, where weight is a significant cost factor. From a clean energy perspective, much of the promise of Li-ion technology comes from their potential applications in battery-powered cars. Currently, the bestselling electric cars, the Nissan Leaf and the Tesla Model S, both use Li-ion batteries as their primary fuel source. A diagram of the specific energy density and volumetric energy density of various battery types. Li-ion batteries are ahead of most other battery types in these respects. (Roberta A. DiLeo, Rochester Institute of Technology) What are some disadvantages of Li-ion batteries? Despite their technological promise, Li-ion batteries still have a number of shortcomings, particularly with regards to safety. Li-ion batteries have a tendency to overheat, and can be damaged at high voltages. In some cases this can lead to thermal runaway and combustion. This has caused significant problems, notably the grounding of the Boeing 787 fleet after onboard battery fires were reported. Because of the risks associated with these batteries, a number of shipping companies refuse to perform bulk shipments of batteries by plane. Li-ion batteries require safety mechanisms to limit voltage and internal pressures, which can increase weight and limit performance in some cases. Li-ion batteries are also subject to aging, meaning that they can lose capacity and frequently fail after a number of years. Another factor limiting their widespread adoption is their cost, which is around 40% higher than Ni-Cd. Addressing these issues is a key component for current research into the technology. Finally, despite the high energy density of Li-ion compared to other kinds of batteries, they are still around a hundred times less energy dense than gasoline (which contains 12,700 Wh/kg by mass or 8760 Wh/L by volume).

Since 2020, major domestic communication operators have stepped up the deployment of 5G base stations to promote the upgrading of base stations, and the demand for batteries in the communication field has surged. Among the energy storage projects in the first three quarters of 2020, communication energy storage projects accounted for nearly half of the entire energy storage market. It is estimated that in 2025, the battery demand for newly built and renovated 5G base stations in my country will exceed 50 million kWh. More and more energy storage companies have formed in-depth cooperation with a number of mainstream 5G communication equipment system integrators in the communication energy storage market. The replacement of communication technology is giving birth to a new lithium battery application market. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2020, about 580,000 new 5G base stations will be added in China, and a total of 718,000 5G base stations will be built. With the increasing demand for 5G base stations, the market demand for energy storage batteries has also increased accordingly. For a long time, 5G base stations have mainly used lead-acid batteries. However, with the improvement of battery performance and life expectancy, lead-acid batteries are gradually being replaced by lithium batteries. Power expansion and upgrade According to the report of Weber Consulting, an industry research organization, the battery is the core equipment to ensure the continuous power supply of the communication base station. During normal power supply, the battery can assist smooth filtering to improve the power supply quality. When the power supply is abnormal or faulty, the battery can be used as a backup power supply. "For a long time, lead-acid batteries have been mainly used as backup power sources for communications, but lead-acid batteries have shortcomings such as short service life, frequent daily maintenance, and environmental friendliness. 5G communication base stations have high energy consumption, and show a trend of miniaturization and light weight. Energy storage systems with higher energy density are needed." Liu Yong, secretary general of the Energy Storage Application Branch of China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, told reporters, [Lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of high safety, long life, and low cost. Breakthroughs in safety, heat dissipation, integration convenience, and group technology have all continued to make breakthroughs, while also greatly reducing the space and load-bearing requirements. It is expected that the application demand of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the field of communication energy storage will increase significantly in the future." From the perspective of industry insiders, the "replacement tide" from lead-acid batteries to lithium iron phosphate batteries is due to the new requirements for power supply expansion and upgrading in the field of communication energy storage. And a lithium battery industry practitioner added that cost is also one of the reasons for the "substitution tide". "When purchasing batteries used in the field of communication energy storage, price is the priority factor for enterprises. From the perspective of cost, lead-acid batteries are lower than lithium batteries and are more accepted by the market. In recent years, the cost of lithium batteries has dropped significantly, so that The bidding and procurement of companies such as China Mobile and China Tower has begun to favor lithium iron phosphate batteries." From the perspective of lithium battery types, at this stage, lithium iron phosphate batteries are mainly used in the field of communication energy storage, and ternary lithium batteries account for a small proportion. "On the one hand, the overall performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries is more prominent in terms of battery materials, production processes, safety performance, and service life. On the other hand, it is a cost factor. Affected by the international supply of raw materials, the price of lithium iron phosphate batteries is lower than that of ternary batteries. Lithium batteries." Liu Yong said, "However, lead-acid batteries have not completely withdrawn from the market, but the proportion has gradually decreased, and replacement is a gradual process." Demand will exceed 50 million kWh The starting point research of emerging industry research institutions pointed out that since 2020, major domestic operators have stepped up the deployment of 5G base stations and continuously promoted the upgrading of base stations. Affected by this, the demand for batteries in the communication field has surged. Among the energy storage projects in the first three quarters of 2020, communication energy storage projects accounted for nearly half of the entire energy storage market. It is expected that the next few years will be the peak period for the construction of 5G base stations. By 2025, the battery demand for newly built and renovated 5G base stations in my country will exceed 50 million kWh. The market demand appears, and the enterprise moves on the wind. Recently, China Tower announced the winning candidates for the centralized bidding project for lithium iron phosphate battery products for backup power in 2021, among which there are many energy storage companies such as Zhongtian Technology and Narada Power. According to public information, the above-mentioned bidding project will purchase 12 specifications of lithium iron phosphate battery packs with a total capacity of about 2 million kWh. More and more energy storage companies have deployed in the communication energy storage market. Earlier, on the investor interaction platform, Yiwei Lithium Energy revealed that it has entered the field of electric energy storage and communication energy storage. Narada Power also mentioned in its 2021 semi-annual report that as early as 2017, it had jointly developed a high-safety and high-reliability smart lithium iron phosphate battery for 5G communication systems with a well-known foreign operator. Communication equipment system integrators formed in-depth cooperation. According to public information, in the first half of this year, Narada`s communication and data backup power business achieved sales revenue of 1.445 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.03%. "With the opportunities for the great development of 5G communications and data centers, the company's communications and data businesses have also maintained rapid growth." Narada Power said. Huawei believes that the lithium battery-based backup power supply can be widely used in scenarios that require high power supply weight, volume, cycle life, and magnification. In the era of big data, scenarios with limited space, such as shared stations and central computer room expansion, gradually require the participation of lithium battery backup power. In the future, with the large-scale production of energy storage lithium batteries, the cost will continue to decline, and lithium batteries will play an increasingly important role in the field of communication backup power.

The core data of this paper: the regional competition pattern of portable energy storage, the competition pattern of portable energy storage products, the distribution of portable energy storage application fields, the distribution of portable energy storage sales channels, the competition pattern of portable energy storage companies Regional competition pattern: China is the main producer of portable energy storage products in the world With its own industrial chain synergy advantages and human resources advantages, China has become the main producer of portable energy storage products in the world. In 2020, China's production of portable energy storage products accounted for 91.90% of the world's total. The United States and Japan ranked second and third respectively, but there was a clear gap between them and China. Product competition pattern: 100-500Wh portable energy storage products account for more than half of the market share From the perspective of the competitive landscape of portable energy storage products with different capacities, from 2016 to 2020, the market share of portable energy storage products with capacities between 100Wh and 500Wh in the world is the largest, but the market share is gradually declining. In 2020, the market share of portable energy storage products between 100Wh and 500Wh will be 56.4%. Portable energy storage products with a market share of 500Wh-1000Wh ranked second, accounting for 35.6% in 2020, and the market share is gradually expanding. The market share of portable energy storage products with a capacity greater than 1000Wh is the smallest, only 8.0% in 2020, but the market share is on the rise. In 2021, the market share of portable energy storage products between 100Wh and 500Wh is expected to drop below 50%. Distribution of application fields: leading market share in outdoor field From the perspective of the market share of the application field, from 2016 to 2020, the outdoor field and emergency field are the main application fields of portable energy storage products, of which the market share of the outdoor field shows a downward trend. 1%, but still has the largest market share. In 2020, the market share in the emergency field continued to expand, reaching 42.2%. Distribution of sales channels: mainly online sales From the perspective of the market share of different sales channels, from 2016 to 2020, the global sales of portable energy storage products gradually shifted from offline to online. In 2020, the global market share of portable energy storage online sales will reach 83.5%, while offline sales will only be 16.5%. In 2021, the global offline sales channel market share of portable energy storage products is expected to further shrink to below 14%. Enterprise competition pattern: Huabao Xinneng accounts for more than 16% At present, the portable energy storage industry is still dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises. The world's representative portable energy storage companies mainly include Huabao New Energy, Zhenghao Technology, Goal Zero/Delan Minghai, Anker Innovation, etc. Among them, Huabao Xinneng ranked first with 16.60% of the shipments. From the perspective of regional competition in the global portable energy storage industry, China has become the main producer of portable energy storage products in the world by virtue of its technological advantages and human resource advantages, but in the future, as the number of industry competitors increases, the market share may fluctuate. In terms of products, the market share of 100-500Wh portable energy storage products accounts for more than half, but the proportion is declining. Portable energy storage products of 500Wh-1000Wh may have more room for development. In terms of application fields, the outdoor field accounts for the largest proportion, followed by the emergency field, but the market share of both shows a downward trend. The multi-field application of portable energy storage products is the future trend. In terms of sales channels, due to the advantages of high cost performance and convenience of online sales, it has become the main sales channel at present, and the proportion may further expand in the future. In terms of corporate competition, Chinese companies such as Huabao New Energy and Zhenghao Technology occupy a large market share and are in a leading position. At present, lithium-ion energy storage technology is still the mainstream of the portable energy storage industry, but with the development of energy storage technology, the application of new technologies in the field of portable energy storage in the future will directly affect the market share of enterprises. Leading companies should focus on R&D investment, pay attention to technology trends, and update iterative products in a timely manner to ensure their leading position in the industry. The above data refer to the "China Energy Storage Battery Industry Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute. At the same time, the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute also provides industrial big data, industrial research, industrial chain consulting, industrial map, industrial planning, park planning, Industrial investment attraction, IPO fundraising feasibility study, IPO business and technology writing, IPO working paper consultation and other solutions.

For traditional batteries, the ternary lithium battery has the advantages of long life, energy saving, environmental protection, pollution-free, low maintenance cost, complete charge and discharge, and light weight. Generally speaking, the ternary lithium battery has a long life, so the ternary lithium battery has a long life cycle. How many times is it? How long is the life of the ternary lithium battery? What is a ternary lithium battery? Ternary lithium battery refers to a lithium secondary battery that uses three transition metal oxides of nickel, cobalt and manganese as the positive electrode material. It fully integrates the good cycle performance of lithium cobalt oxide, the high specific capacity of lithium nickelate and the high safety and low cost of lithium manganate. It uses molecular level mixing, doping, coating and surface modification methods to synthesize nickel. Cobalt and manganese and other multi-element synergistic composite lithium intercalation oxides. It is a lithium-ion rechargeable battery that is widely researched and applied. Ternary lithium battery life The so-called lithium battery life refers to that the capacity of the battery decays to 70% of the nominal capacity (the battery capacity at room temperature 25°C, standard atmospheric pressure, and discharged at 0.2C) after a period of time, which can be considered as the end of life. In the industry, the cycle life of a lithium battery is generally calculated based on the number of cycles when a lithium battery is fully charged. In the process of use, an irreversible electrochemical reaction occurs inside the lithium battery, which leads to a decrease in capacity, such as the decomposition of electrolyte, the deactivation of active materials, the collapse of the positive and negative electrode structure, and the decrease in the number of lithium ions intercalation and deintercalation, etc. . Experiments show that a higher rate of discharge will lead to a faster attenuation of capacity. If the discharge current is lower, the battery voltage will be close to the equilibrium voltage and more energy can be released. The theoretical life of a ternary lithium battery is about 800 cycles, which is medium among commercial rechargeable lithium batteries. Lithium iron phosphate is about 2,000 cycles, while lithium titanate is said to be able to reach 10,000 cycles. At present, mainstream battery manufacturers promise more than 500 times (charge and discharge under standard conditions) in the specifications of their ternary batteries. However, after the batteries are assembled into a battery pack, due to consistency problems, the main voltage and internal The resistance cannot be exactly the same, and its cycle life is about 400 times. The manufacturer recommends that the SOC use window is 10%~90%. Deep charging and discharging is not recommended, otherwise it will cause irreversible damage to the positive and negative structure of the battery. If it is calculated by shallow charge and shallow discharge, the cycle life will be at least 1000 times. In addition, if lithium batteries are frequently discharged in high-rate and high-temperature environments, the battery life will be drastically reduced to less than 200 times.

The full name of lithium iron phosphate battery is lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery. It is a lithium ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) as the positive electrode material and carbon as the negative electrode material. The rated voltage of the monomer is 3.2V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 3.6V~3.65V. It is currently the most environmentally friendly, the longest life, the highest safety, and the highest discharge rate among all lithium battery packs. The working principle of lithium iron phosphate battery: When a lithium iron phosphate battery is charged, the lithium ion Li+ in the positive electrode migrates to the negative electrode through the polymer separator; during the discharge process, the lithium ion Li+ in the negative electrode migrates to the positive electrode through the separator. Lithium-ion batteries are named after lithium ions move back and forth during charging and discharging. 1. When charging a lithium iron phosphate battery, Li+ migrates from the 010 face of the lithium iron phosphate crystal to the surface of the crystal. Under the action of the electric field force, it enters the electrolyte, passes through the diaphragm, and then migrates to the surface of the graphene by electrolysis, and then is embedded In the graphene lattice, at the same time, electrons flow to the aluminum foil electrode of the positive electrode through the conductor, and flow to the copper foil collector of the negative electrode through the tab, battery pole, external circuit, negative pole, and negative pole. The graphite negative electrode is the negative electrode's charge balance. After the lithium ions are deintercalated from the lithium iron phosphate, the lithium iron phosphate is converted into iron phosphate. 2. When the lithium iron phosphate battery is discharged, Li+ is deintercalated from the graphite crystal, enters the electrolyte, passes through the diaphragm, and then migrates to the surface of the lithium iron phosphate crystal through the electrolyte, and then re-embeds into the lithium iron phosphate through the 010 surface. Within the lattice. At the same time, the battery flows to the copper foil collector of the negative electrode through the conductor, flows to the copper foil collector of the positive electrode through the tab, battery negative pole, external circuit, positive pole, and positive lug, and then flows to the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode through the conductor. The charge of the positive electrode reaches an equilibrium state. Chemical reaction equation of lithium iron phosphate battery pack: Positive electrode reaction: LiFePO4 ⇔ Li1-xFePO4 + xLi+ + xe- Negative reaction: xLi+ +xe- +6C⇔LixC6 The total reaction formula: LiFePO4+6xC⇔Li1-xFePO4+LixC6. The above is the introduction of the working principle and chemical reaction equation of lithium iron phosphate battery. Lithium iron phosphate battery has a series of unique advantages such as high working voltage, high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, and green environmental protection. It also supports stepless expansion and is suitable for large-scale electric energy storage. Energy power stations have good application prospects in the fields of safe grid connection, grid peak shaving, distributed power stations, UPS power supplies, and emergency power systems.

Soft-pack batteries are actually batteries that use aluminum-plastic film as the packaging material. Relatively speaking, the packaging of lithium-ion batteries is divided into two categories, one is soft-packed batteries, and the other is metal shell batteries. Metal shell batteries include steel shell and aluminum shell, cylinder and square, etc. The packaging materials and structure of the soft pack battery give it a series of advantages. For example, the safety performance is good. The soft pack battery is structured with aluminum-plastic film packaging. When a safety problem occurs, the soft pack battery will generally burst and crack. It explodes like a steel shell or aluminum shell battery; light weight, the weight of the soft pack battery is 40% lighter than the steel shell lithium battery of the same capacity, and 20% lighter than the aluminum shell lithium battery; the internal resistance is small, the internal resistance of the soft pack battery Smaller than lithium batteries, it can greatly reduce the self-consumption of the battery; good cycle performance, longer cycle life of the soft pack battery, 100 cycles attenuation less than 4% to 7% than the aluminum shell; flexible design, variable shape The shape can be thinner, and it can be customized according to customer needs, and new battery cell models can be developed. With the introduction of the new subsidy policy for new energy vehicles, the system energy density of the battery has become an important assessment indicator. The capacity of the ternary soft pack battery is 10~15% higher than the steel shell lithium battery of the same size and 5~10% higher than the aluminum shell battery, but the weight is lighter than the steel shell battery and aluminum shell battery of the same capacity specification. Therefore, The new subsidy policy is more beneficial to ternary soft-pack batteries. In view of the advantages of soft-pack batteries, industry experts predict that with the development of battery routes, the penetration rate of soft-pack batteries in the new energy vehicle market will continue to increase. In the future, soft-pack batteries will account for more than 50% of all types of batteries. The materials used in the housing determine their packaging methods. Only the soft package has aluminum plastic film, which needs to be thermally sealed; the metal shell is generally sealed by laser welding. The aluminum-plastic film generally has three layers. The nylon layer ensures the shape of the aluminum-plastic film, reduces damage to the shell, and ensures that the film will not be deformed before being manufactured into a lithium ion battery, preventing the penetration of air, especially oxygen, and maintaining the cell The internal environment also ensures that the packaging aluminum foil has good deformability. The Al layer is composed of a layer of metallic Al, which functions to prevent the penetration of water and maintain a certain thickness and strength inside the cell to prevent damage to the cell from the outside. Lithium-ion batteries are very afraid of water, and generally require the water content of the pole pieces to be PPM level, so the packaging film must be able to block the infiltration of water vapor. Nylon is not waterproof and cannot provide protection. The metal Al will react with oxygen in the air to form a dense oxide film at room temperature, which prevents water vapor from penetrating and protects the inside of the cell. The Al layer also provides punching plasticity when forming the aluminum plastic film. PP is the abbreviation of polypropylene, this material is characterized by melting at a temperature of more than one hundred degrees Celsius, and is viscous. Therefore, the thermal packaging of the battery mainly relies on the PP layer being melted and bonded together under the heating of the head, and then the head is removed, and the temperature is cooled to solidify and bond. The PP will not be dissolved or swelled by the organic solvent in the battery, which can effectively prevent it. The internal electrolyte is in contact with the Al layer to prevent the Al layer from being corroded. The aluminum-plastic film looks very simple. In practice, how to evenly and firmly combine the three layers of materials is not so easy. The first section is the same as the general battery process, so I won`t repeat it here. The pole piece forming method usually adopts die cutting, and the pole ear adopts laser cutting or die cutting. Pole piece stacking method, lamination generally adopts Z-shaped pole piece and winding type pole piece. The cut pole pieces are stacked and glued into a core and put into the punched aluminum-plastic film. In the pit, let's talk about flushing the pit next. The soft-pack batteries can be designed into different sizes according to the needs of customers. After the outer dimensions are designed, the corresponding molds need to be opened to form the aluminum-plastic film. The forming process is also called a punching pit. As the name suggests, it uses a forming mold to punch a pit that can accommodate the core of the aluminum-plastic film under heating, as shown in the following figure: